Determination of Net Income of Shipping Companies: Analysis of Fuel Costs, Shipping Rates, and Shipping Routes mediated by Shipping Insurance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/gijea.v4i1.800Keywords:
Net Income, Shipping Insurance, Fuel Costs, Shipping Rates, Shipping RoutesAbstract
This study aims to analyze the determination of net income in shipping companies in Indonesia by examining the influence of fuel costs, shipping rates, and shipping routes through the mediation of shipping insurance. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through a systematic literature study of 30 relevant articles (SINTA and Scopus), this study synthesizes various findings related to maritime financial performance for the period 2022–2025. The results of the study indicate that: 1) Fuel costs affect shipping insurance; 2) Shipping rates affect shipping insurance; 3) Shipping routes affect shipping insurance; 4) Fuel costs affect net income; 5) Shipping rates affect net income; 6) Shipping routes affect net income; 7) Shipping insurance affects net income; 8) Fuel costs affect net income through shipping insurance; 9) Shipping rates affect net income through shipping insurance; and 10) Shipping routes affect net income through shipping insurance. This research provides a strategic contribution to management in addressing market volatility and IMO 2020 regulations.
References
Adani, N. A., Kirowati, D., & Kurniawan, Y. D. (2026). Pengaruh Pendapatan, Biaya Operasional dan Total Hutang Terhadap Laba Bersih Perusahaan Sektor Transportasi dan Logistik Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2019-2024. Equivalent: Journal of Economic, Accounting and Management, 4(1), 51–72.
Amrullah, Y. F., Ndori, A., & Prasetya, T. B. (2024). Efisiensi Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) dan Waktu Berlayar pada Operasional Kapal TB Marina 21. Indonesian Journal of Port and Shipping Management, 1(2), 9–18.
Budiyanto, M. A., & Dawangi, I. D. (2022). Studi Literatur Pengoperasian Hemat Bahan Bakar untuk Rencana Pengelolaan Kapal Hemat Energi. Pros. SNTTM XX, 13–14.
Casmadi, Y., & Hutagalung, Y. A. (2022). Pengaruh Biaya Distribusi Terhadap Laba Bersih Pada Perusahaan Di Sektor Transportasi dan Logistik Sub Sektor Logistik dan Pengantaran yang Terdaftar di BEIPeriode 2019-2021. Jurnal Akuntansi, 16(02), 1–10.
Dermawan, D. (2022). Menentukan Rute Pengiriman Produk PT. Unicharm Indonesia Dengan Meminimalkan Biaya Transportasi Menggunakan Metode Saving Matrix di “CV. Jaya Abadi.” Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 8(12), 63–72.
Eriksen, S., Utne, I. B., & Lützen, M. (2021). An RCM approach for assessing reliability challenges and maintenance needs of unmanned cargo ships. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 210, 107550.
Febriansyah, M. (2023). PENGARUH BIAYA OPERASIONAL TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI DAN LOGISTIK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2021. SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU ADMINISTRASI TABALONG.
Gupta, A., Singh, R. K., & Mangla, S. K. (2022). Evaluation of logistics providers for sustainable service quality: Analytics based decision making framework. Annals of Operations Research, 315(2), 1617–1664.
Harlansyah, H., Widiarty, W. S., & Tehupeiory, A. (2024). Tinjauan Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Perusahaan Asuransi Terhadap Pemilik Kapal yang Mengalami Kecelakaan Kapal di Alur Pelayaran dalam Perspektif Hukum. Action Research Literate, 8(5), 1–5.
Irsyadi, W. A. (2022). Asuransi Kargo Laut (Studi Deskriptif Tentang Penanggulangan Resiko Dalam Pengiriman Alat Berat Ke Papua Oleh PT. Fardana Berlian Papua Surabaya). Universitas Airlangga.
Jainuddin, J. (2023). PENGARUH DIGITAL LEADERSHIP TERHADP KINERJA AWAK KAPAL PADA PELAYARAN RUTE MALAYSIA SINGAPURA. Indonesian Journal Of Economy Studies, 2(1).
Li, Y., Li, G., & Pan, X. A. (2023). Optimal return shipping insurance policy with consumers’ anticipated regret. Production and Operations Management, 32(10), 3209–3226.
Li, Y., Li, G., Tayi, G. K., & Cheng, T. C. E. (2021). Return shipping insurance: Free versus for-a-fee? International Journal of Production Economics, 235, 108110.
Ma, H.-L., Leung, L. C., Chung, S.-H., & Wong, C. W.-H. (2023). Insurance incentive to shippers by a container port: Issues of risk management in supply chain finance. Annals of Operations Research, 331(1), 121–139.
Manurung, A. H., Hutahayan, B., Deniswara, K., & Kartika, T. R. (2020). Determinant of Net Interest Margin in Indonesia Bank Moderated by Risk. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 11317–11328.
Marlisa, S., & Munajar, A. (2026). TERUSAN KRA DAN DINAMIKA GEOPOLITIK JALUR PERDAGANGAN GLOBAL. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Dan Humaniora, 5(1), 1055–1064.
Maulita, M. (2022). Pengaruh Tekanan Regulasi Terhadap Inovasi Teknologi Hijau Dan Kinerja Ekonomi Pada Industri Pelayaran Di Samarinda. Sebatik, 26(2), 710–717. https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v26i2.2028
Mujino, M., Sari, P. P., & Widiyanti, I. W. (2021). Pengaruh Return on Asset Return on Equity Net Profit Margin Dan Earning Per Share Terhadap Harga Saham. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 5(1), 45–47. https://doi.org/10.29040/jie.v5i1.1700
Nugraha, O. N. R. A. C. (2021). ,. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 9(4), 25–42.
Patampang, F., & Mokodompit, E. A. (2025). Integrasi Transportasi Laut dalam Global Supply Chain: Kajian Literatur Mengenai Efisiensi, Keberlanjutan, dan Daya Saing Falmawanty. Ekonomika45: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Bisnis, Kewirausahaan, 13(1), 457–468.
Popilaya, C. N. A., & Hasibuan, R. R. A. (2023). Analisis Proses Penyelesaian Klaim terhadap Asuransi Pengiriman Barang Melalui JNE. As-Syirkah: Islamic Economic & Financial Journal, 2(2), 109–118.
Prabaswara, A. D., Kiryanto, K., & Santosa, A. W. B. (2024). Perencanaan Kapal Container 12500 DWT untuk Rute Pelayaran Surabaya-Banjarmasin. Jurnal Teknik Perkapalan, 12(2).
Prayogi, A. C., Kusuma, I. C., & Afif, M. N. (2025). ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK JASA PENGIRIMAN DALAM PENETAPAN TARIF PENGIRIMAN BARANG DOMESTIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN VARIABLE COSTING PADA CV. BOGOR LOGISTIC CARGO. Jurnal Akuntansi Kompetif, 8(3), 943–950.
Priyanda, R., Agustina, T. S., Ariantini, N. S., Rusmayani, N. G. A. L., Aslindar, D. A., Ningsih, K. P., Wulandari, S., Putranto, P., & Yuniati, I. (2022). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif. Pradina Pustaka. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=B5t1EAAAQBAJ
Rashid, D. A., & Rasheed, D. R. (2024). Logistics service quality and product satisfaction in e-commerce. Sage Open, 14(1), 21582440231224250.
Renggo, Y. R., & Kom, S. (2022). POPULASI DAN SAMPEL KUANTITATIF. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF, KUALITATIF DAN KOMBINASI, 43.
Rohmatulloh, P. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Kegiatan Divisi Jasa Keagenan Kapal Dan Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Kapal Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Perusahaan. The Asia Pacific Journal of Management Studies, 9(2).
Saputra, A. J., & Angriani, R. (2023). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) Dan Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) Pada Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) di Kota Batam. Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 18(1), 93–115. https://doi.org/10.30630/jam.v18i1.210
Saputra, N. C., & Bailey, A. N. (2022). ANALISIS BIAYA TRANSPORTASI DALAM PENETAPAN TARIF PENGIRIMAN BARANG PADA J&T EXPRESS DP RH FISABILILLAH TANJUNGPINANG. Economic, Accounting Scientific Journal (CASH), 6(1), 11–17.
Setiawan, A., Hadi, A. R. B. A., Widyaningsih, U., & Pamungkas, A. (2024). Optimalisasi Penentuan Rute Terbaik Pelayaran Berbasis Analisis Big Data untuk Efisiensi Bahan Bakar Kapal Laut. Jurnal Riset & Teknologi Terapan Kemaritiman, 3(1), 32–39.
Spyrou, E. (2024). Financial statements and the process of decision making in shipping companies. Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς.
Sudirman, R. D. (2025). BLACK SEA GRAIN INITIATIVE SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN STABILITAS GLOBAL: KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN GEOPOLITIK PASCA INVASI RUSIA. Triwikrama: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 9(4), 1–10.
Susanto, P. C., Arini, D. U., Marlita, D., Yuntina, L., & Saribanon, E. (2024). Mixed Methods Research Design Concepts : Quantitative, Qualitative, Exploratory Sequential, Exploratory Sequential, Embedded and Parallel Convergent. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary (IJAM), 3(3), 471–485.
Suwarsa, T., & Wahidah, I. S. (2025). PENGARUH BIAYA TRANSPORTASI TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PERUSAHAAN DI SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI DAN LOGISTIK KHUSUSNYA TRANSPORTASI DARAT YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2020-2022. Jurnal Akuntansi, 21(1), 15–22.
Tiodora, B., Suryadhini, P. P., & Nopendri, N. (2024). Perancangan Rute Optimal Distribusi Kargo Bahan Bakar Minyak dengan Metode Brute-Force Untuk Meminimasi Biaya Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Minyak Perusahaan Pelayaran PT XYZ. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 6(6), 2623–2632.
Tjahjuadi, E. (2023). Analisis kualitas layanan, ketepatan waktu pengiriman dan persepsi tarif pengiriman terhadap keputusan menggunakan jasa ekspedisi PT. Nusatrans Anugerah Makmur. MAPAN: Jurnal Manajemen Akuntansi Palapa Nusantara, 8(2), 62–70.
Tjoea, F., & Halim, S. (2023). Evaluasi rute pelayaran kapal dengan pendekatan modified minimum spanning tree. Jurnal Titra, 11(2), 265–272.
Utomo, A. P. B., Soedarmanto, S., Kristiawati, I., & Mudayat, M. (2025). PENGARUH HARGA BAHAN BAKAR DAN TARIF FREIGHT MUATAN BATU BARA TERHADAP KINERJA MUAT KAPAL TUGBOAT DAN TONGKANG PADA PT. SARANA ANUGERAH SAMUDRA. JUTRANIS, 2(02).
Wang, S., Zhuge, D., Zhen, L., & Lee, C.-Y. (2021). Liner shipping service planning under sulfur emission regulations. Transportation Science, 55(2), 491–509.
Xu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Exploring the nonlinear effect of intellectual capital on financial performance: evidence from listed shipping companies in China. Complexity, 2021(1), 9004907.
Yue, Z., & Mangan, J. (2024). A framework for understanding reliability in container shipping networks. Maritime Economics & Logistics, 26(3), 523–544.
Zulfikar, R., Sari, F. P., Fatmayati, A., Wandiri, K., Haryati, T., Jumini, S., Nurjanah, Annisa, S., Kusumawardhani, O. B., Mutiah, R., Linggi, A. I., & Fadilah, H. (2024). Quantitative Research Methods (Theory, Method, and Practice). In Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan (Vol. 7, Issue 2). Widina Media Utama.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Atong Soekirman, Yuliantini Yuliantini, Primadi Candra Susanto, Euis Saribanon, Reni Dian Octaviani, Irwan Chairuddin

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright :
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- Copyright in each article belongs to the author.
- The author acknowledges that the GIJEA has the right to be the first to publish under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal to other versions (for example, sent to the author's institutional repository, publication in a book, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time at GIJEA.
























