Digital Constitutionalism and the Protection of Citizens’ Rights in Indonesia’s Democratic Era
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.1215Keywords:
Digital Constitutionalism, Constitutional Rights, Digital Governance, Democracy, Personal Data ProtectionAbstract
Rapid digital transformation has reshaped democratic governance and created new constitutional challenges concerning the protection of citizens' rights in Indonesia. Existing studies generally discuss personal data protection, freedom of expression, or digital governance separately, while limited research integrates these issues within the framework of digital constitutionalism. This study aims to examine the role of digital constitutionalism in protecting citizens' constitutional rights, evaluate Indonesia's legal framework, and propose recommendations for strengthening constitutional governance in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative doctrinal legal method complemented by a socio-legal approach using constitutional, statutory, comparative, and case study approaches. Data were collected through documentary and library research and analyzed using normative legal and thematic qualitative analysis. The findings reveal that Indonesia has established an important constitutional and legal foundation through constitutional guarantees, personal data protection legislation, judicial oversight, and digital governance policies. However, fragmented regulations, inconsistent implementation, limited institutional capacity, and the absence of comprehensive governance for emerging technologies continue to weaken constitutional protection. The novelty of this study lies in proposing Digital Constitutionalism as an integrated constitutional framework for regulating both state institutions and private digital platforms while strengthening democratic governance and protecting citizens' rights.
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