The New Media Operating System (NMOS): A Synthesis Model of Deconglomeration, Decentralization, and Demassification in the New Media Communication Domain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1022Keywords:
platform governance, platformization, algorithmic gatekeeping, creator economy, media regulation, IndonesiaAbstract
Title: The New Media Operating System (NMOS): A Synthesis Model of Deconglomeration, Decentralization, and Demassification in the New Media Communication Domain. Object: The operational mechanisms through which organic new media entities function in the ecosystem produced by deconglomeration, decentralization, and demassification, with Indonesia as context. Method: This study employs a systematic literature review of 29 peer-reviewed articles (2020 to 2025) selected from 412 initial records, grounded in the New Media Communication Domain framework, Mediamorphosis, and Teknologimorfosis, and illustrated with Indonesian secondary data on media consumption, media entities, advertising expenditure, and YouTube rankings. Results: The NMOS model identifies five mechanisms: algorithmic gatekeeping (M1), attention economy architecture (M2), prosumer and participatory production (M3), datafication (M4), and platform governance (M5). Platform corporations such as YouTube, Meta, and TikTok are treated as governing infrastructure: like the printing press, they carry media content, but they also run M1, M2, M4, and M5, whereas M3 belongs to the media entities, including prosumers, that operate on top of them. In Indonesia, online outlets dominate the press companies verified by the Press Council (964 of 1,789 in 2023), daily Internet use far exceeds television viewing, and individual creators lead the YouTube rankings, although television still dominates measured advertising expenditure. Conclusion: The NMOS model constitutes a synthesis of the three structural transformation processes and provides scholars with an integrated analytical framework and policymakers with a basis for two-layer media regulation: infrastructure rules for platforms and press regulation for media entities.
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