Protecting Muralists Moral Rights in Tourism: A Comparative Study of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam

Authors

  • Lu Sudirman Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam, Indonesia.
  • Jocelyn Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam, Indonesia.
  • Hari Sutra Disemadi Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam, Indonesia.
  • Nurezan Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Nurlaily Universitas Internasional Batam, Batam, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.1030

Keywords:

comparative law, copyright protection, moral rights, mural protection, tourism asset

Abstract

This study addresses the gap between the legal protection of the intellectual property rights of muralists in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam, and the practical protection that arises when murals are used for tourism purposes without permission, attribution, or adherence to occupational safety regulations. This study aims to analyze and compare legal regulations regarding the moral rights of muralists in relation to their use by tourists in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam, and to formulate future legal protection based on progressive regulations. This study uses normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches, analyzing the relevant primary and secondary legal materials. This study shows that all three countries recognize and protect the ethical rights of muralists, but differ significantly in the scope of rights, enforcement mechanisms, and clarity of laws regarding the use of murals for tourism. Vietnam offers a more robust framework with more enforcement routes, Malaysia provides a clearer formal basis for moral-right enforcement, while Indonesia exhibits significant regulatory gaps regarding tourist exploitation. These findings are important because they provide a comparative basis for re-constructing a more responsive legal framework that ensures recognition, integrity, compensation, participation, and legal certainty regarding the use of murals for tourism.

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2026-09-22

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Sudirman, L., Jocelyn, J., Disemadi, H. S., Nurezan, N., & Nurlaily, N. (2026). Protecting Muralists Moral Rights in Tourism: A Comparative Study of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences, 4(4), 1222–1247. https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.1030

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Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (September - October 2026)

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