State-Subsidized Maritime Connectivity and Local Welfare: A Study of Pioneer Shipping Programs in Indonesia

Authors

  • Winarno Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Indonesia, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia.
  • Tri Cahyadi Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Indonesia, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia.
  • Frederik Euskirchen Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Flensburg, German.
  • Windiahsari Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.963

Keywords:

Maritime Connectivity, Public Governance, Access Justice, Pioneer Shipping, 3T Regions

Abstract

As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia's maritime connectivity is a constitutional mandate for social justice. This study evaluates the impact of the Pioneer Shipping Subsidy (PSS) program on maritime access justice and public governance in 3T (Underdeveloped, Outermost, Frontier) regions. Using a mixed-methods socio-legal approach, data were collected between January 2020 and December 2023 across seven provinces (South Sumatra, Riau Islands, South Kalimantan, NTB, NTT, Maluku, and West Papua) involving a survey of N=75 stakeholders and in-depth interviews. Quantitative analysis (Mean, SD, and ANOVA) shows high public satisfaction in transport access (μ=4.42, SD=0.52) and inclusivity (μ=4.31, SD=0.61). However, ANOVA results indicate significant differences in perceived governance between academics and field users (p<0.05). Qualitatively, the PSS acts as a vital “welfare proxy” by stabilizing logistics prices by 15–20%. The study concludes that while legal legitimacy is strong, fiscal sustainability and targeting remain critical challenges.

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Published

2026-09-24

How to Cite

Winarno, W., Cahyadi, T., Euskirchen, F., & Windiahsari, W. (2026). State-Subsidized Maritime Connectivity and Local Welfare: A Study of Pioneer Shipping Programs in Indonesia. Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences, 4(4), 1284–1295. https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss.v4i4.963

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (September - October 2026)

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Copyright (c) 2026 Winarno, Tri Cahyadi, Frederik Euskirchen, Windiahsari

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